1. Farsamaynta Ficilka
Glucagon-sida peptide-1 (GLP-1)waa ahhormoonka hormoonkaoo ay qariyaan unugyada mindhicirka ee L-cells si ay uga jawaabaan qaadashada cuntada. GLP-1 agonists reseptor (GLP-1 RAs) waxay la jaanqaadaan saamaynta jireed ee hormoonkan iyada oo loo marayo dhowr dariiqo dheef-shiid kiimikaad:
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Xakamaynta rabitaanka cuntada iyo faaruqinta caloosha oo daahday
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Ku dhaqan xarumaha dheregsanaanta hypothalamic (gaar ahaan POMC/CART neurons), dhimista gaajada.
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Faaruqinta caloosha oo gaabis ah, sii dheeraysa dareenka buuxa.
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Soo-saarka Insulin-ka oo la xoojiyey iyo sii-deynta Glucagon-ka oo yaraatay
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Kicin β-unugyada ganaca si ay u soo daayaan insulinta hab gulukoos ku xiran.
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Jooji dheecaanka glucagon, hagaajinta heerarka gulukooska ee soonka iyo ka dib.
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Dheef-shiid kiimikaadka tamarta oo la hagaajiyay
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Kordhi dareenka insulin iyo kor u qaadida oksidation baruurta.
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Iska yaree isku dhafka dufanka beerka iyo hagaajinta dheef-shiid kiimikaadka.
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2. Furaha GLP-1-Wakiilada dhimista Miisaanka ku saleysan
| Daawooyinka | Tilmaamaha ugu muhiimsan | Maamulka | Celceliska Miisaanka dhimista |
|---|---|---|---|
| Liraglutide | Nooca 2-aad ee sonkorowga, buurnaanta | Duritaan maalinle ah | 5-8% |
| Semaglutide | Nooca 2-aad ee sonkorowga, buurnaanta | Duritaan toddobaadle ah / afka ah | 10-15% |
| Tirzepatide | Nooca 2-aad ee sonkorowga, buurnaanta | duritaanka toddobaadlaha ah | 15-22% |
| Retatrutide (tijaabooyin) | Cayilka (aan macaanka lahayn) | duritaanka toddobaadlaha ah | Ilaa 24% |
Isbeddel:Kobcinta maandooriyuhu waxa uu ka socdaa hal GLP-1 receptor agonists → dual GIP/GLP-1 agonists → saddex geesood (GIP/GLP-1/GCGR).
3. Tijaabooyin iyo Natiijooyin Caafimaad oo Waaweyn
Semaglutide - Tijaabada TALLAABADA
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TALLAABADA 1 (NEJM, 2021)
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Ka qaybgalayaasha: Dadka waaweyn ee buurnaanta leh, oo aan lahayn sonkorow
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Qiyaasta: 2.4 mg asbuucii (subcutaneous)
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Natiijooyinka: Dhimista celceliska miisaanka jidhka ee14.9%toddobaadyada 68 vs. 2.4% oo leh placebo
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~ 33% kaqeybgalayaashu waxay gaareen ≥20% miisaan lumis.
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TALLAABADA 5 (2022)
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Miisaan dhimis joogto ah oo la muujiyay 2 sano iyo horumarro ku yimi arrimaha halista wadnetabolic
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Tirzepatide - Barnaamijyada SURMOUNT & SURPASS
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SURMOUNT-1 (NEJM, 2022)
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Ka qaybgalayaasha: Dadka waaweyn ee buurnaanta leh, oo aan lahayn sonkorow
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Qiyaasta: 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg asbuucii
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Natiijooyinka: Celcelis ahaan miisaan lumis15-21%72 usbuuc kadib (qiyaas ku tiirsan)
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Ku dhawaad 40% ayaa la gaarey ≥25% miisaanka dhimista.
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Tijaabooyin SURRPASS (dadweynaha macaanka)
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Hoos u dhigista HbA1c: ilaa2.2%
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Celcelis ahaan miisaan dhimista10-15%.
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4. Faa'iidooyinka Caafimaadka iyo Dheef-shiid kiimikaadka Dheeraadka ah
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Dhimista gudahacadaadiska dhiigga, LDL-kolesteroolkaiyotriglycerides
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Hoos u dhacaymuuqalkaiyobaruurta beerka(horumarka NAFLD)
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Khatarta hoose eedhacdooyinka wadnaha iyo xididada(tusaale, MI, istaroog)
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Dib u dhac ku yimid horumarka cudurka macaanka oo u gudba nooca 2aad ee sonkorowga
5. Xogta Badbaadada iyo Tixgelinta
Waxyeellooyinka caadiga ah (sida caadiga ah fudud ilaa dhexdhexaad):
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Lalabbo, matag, barar, calool istaag
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cunto xumo
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Xanuunka caloosha oo ku meel gaadh ah
Digniin / diidmo:
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Taariikhda pankreatit ama kansarka tayroodh medullary
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Uurka iyo nuujinta
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Qiyaasta tartiib tartiib ah ayaa lagu taliyay si loo horumariyo dulqaadka
6. Tilmaamaha Cilmi-baarista Mustaqbalka
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Jiilka soo socda ee jiilka badan:
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Saddex-geesood oo bartilmaameedsanaya GIP/GLP-1/GCGR (tusaale,Retatrutide)
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Qaababka afka ee GLP-1:
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Qiyaasta sare ee semaglutide afka ah (ilaa 50 mg) iyada oo la qiimaynayo
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Daawaynta isku dhafan:
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GLP-1 + insulin ama SGLT2 inhibitors
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Tilmaamaha dheef-shiid kiimikaadka ballaaran:
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Cudurka beerka dufanka leh ee aan khamriga ahayn (NAFLD), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), apnea hurdada, ka hortagga wadnaha iyo xididada
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7. Gabagabo
Daawooyinka ku salaysan GLP-1 waxay ka dhigan yihiin isbeddelka isbeddelka ka imanaya xakamaynta sonkorowga ilaa maareynta dheef-shiid kiimikaadka iyo miisaanka.
Iyadoo wakiilada sidaSemaglutideiyoTirzepatide, miisaanka luminta aan qaliinka ahayn ee ka badan 20% ayaa noqday mid la gaari karo.
Soo-dhoweynta soo-dhoweynta badan ee mustaqbalka ayaa la filayaa inay sii kordhiyaan waxtarka, adkeysiga, iyo faa'iidooyinka wadnaha.
Waqtiga boostada: Oct-11-2025
